Approaches of research by Swami Sharan

Approaches of research

1 positivism research

2 post positivism research

Positivism research

•Reality can be understood through scientific query.

•Knowledge can be quantified

•since it is based on science knowledge can be verified from scientific observation

•it is quantitative in nature

•it is more objective in nature

•approach followed is deductive (general to specific)

•role of researcher is limited because his value judgement are ignored.

Post positivism research

•reality cannot be fully understood through scientific query because of sensory limitation of humans.

•knowledge cannot be qualified.

•it is qualitative in nature

•it is subjective in nature.

•approach followed is inductive. (Specific to general)

•role of researcher is unlimited because his value judgement are considered.

Reliability in Research by Swami Sharan , For Ugc net paper 1

Reliability

Its soach consistency and stability of findings it is of two types.

1 stability and

2 consistency reliability

Test retest reliability

Sem method for sem person at different time will result in same

Eg- questionnaire filled by same person with same answer but a gap of a week or month..

Inter rater

Same finding got by two or more raters.

Intra Retar

Same result by same rater at different times.

Parallel from reliability

Testing by using different method like questionnaired interview etc.

Split Havells

Split one test into half and then compare first half with second half.

what is Research and it's Characteristics ? by Swami Sharan

• Research about what is the best method of teach?

• Research means searching for an already  searched information for some defined objective.

•It is defined as an organised and systematic study of materials and source in order to discover new thing and established fact and reach New conclusions.

Characteristics

•Aim- problem solving

•Based on purpose

•Gather new ideas

•Research involves collection of first hand source(primary data) aur existing data (secondary data).

• research activities are carefully outline through a Research design. These activities are defined by carefully designed procedures and analysis tools.

• research requires a degree of exparties and skill by the researcher.

• research should be objective and logical. The finding should be free from bias and the result should be carefully verified.

• scientific in nature

• patience activity

• social relevance

• cyclical

• reliability- finding should be consistent

• validity- finding should be accurate

• standardised process

• present to future